E kapi ana tēnei papakupu i ngā kupu matua e pā ana ki ngā putea me ngā rauemi mō te takai ngāwari, e whakaatu ana i ngā wāhanga, ngā āhuatanga, me ngā tukanga e pā ana ki te hanga me te whakamahi. Mā te mārama ki ēnei kupu ka āwhina i te whiriwhiri me te hoahoa i ngā otinga takai whai hua.
Anei tētahi papakupu o ngā kupu e pā ana ki ngā putea me ngā rauemi mō ngā takai ngāwari:
1.Pīpiri:He matū e whakamahia ana hei hono i ngā rauemi, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā kiriata me ngā putea paparanga-maha.
2. Te Whakapiripiri Piripiri
He tukanga whakakirikiri e whakapirihia ai ngā paparanga takitahi o ngā rauemi tākai ki tētahi atu mā te whakamahi i tētahi piripiri.
3.AL - Pepa Konumohe
He pepa konumohe angiangi (6-12 maikorona) kua whakakikoruatia ki ngā kiriata kirihou hei whakarato i te nui o ngā āhuatanga ārai hāora, kakara me te kohu wai. Ahakoa koinei te rauemi ārai pai rawa atu, kei te piki haere te whakakapinga e ngā kiriata whakarewa (tirohia te MET-PET, MET-OPP me te VMPET) nā te utu.
4. Ārai
Ngā Āhuatanga Ārai: Ko te kaha o tētahi rauemi ki te ātete i te urunga mai o ngā hau, te makuku, me te mārama, he mea nui tēnei hei whakaroa i te roa o te oranga o ngā hua kua tākaihia.
5. Pirau-koiora:Ngā rauemi ka taea te wawahi māori ki ngā wāhanga kore-paitini i roto i te taiao.
6.CPP
Kiriata Polypropylene Maka. Kāore i rite ki te OPP, ka taea te hiri i te wera, engari i ngā pāmahana teitei ake i te LDPE, nō reira ka whakamahia hei paparanga hiri wera i roto i ngā takai ka taea te whakahoki. Heoi, kāore i te pakari pērā i te kiriata OPP.
7.COF
Te tauwehenga o te waku, he ine i te "pahekeheke" o ngā kiriata kirihou me ngā papa whakarewa. Ko te tikanga ka mahia ngā ine mai i te mata kiriata ki te mata kiriata. Ka taea hoki te mahi i ngā ine ki ētahi atu mata, engari kāore i te tūtohutia, nā te mea ka taea te whakapohehe i ngā uara COF e ngā rerekētanga o ngā whakaotinga mata me te poke i runga i te mata whakamātautau.
8.Taupā Kawhe
He takirere whakaiti pēhanga kua tāpirihia ki ngā pēke kawhe hei tuku i ngā hau kore e hiahiatia kia puta, me te pupuri tonu i te hou o te kawhe. Ka kiia hoki ko te takirere kakara nā te mea ka taea e koe te hongi i te hua mā roto i te takirere.
9. Pēke Tapahi-Mate
He pēke he mea hanga ki ngā hiri taha āhua, kātahi ka tukuna mā roto i te werowero hei tapahi i ngā rauemi hiri nui, ka waiho he hoahoa pēke āhua me te āhua whakamutunga. Ka taea te mahi ki ngā momo pēke tū me ngā pēke urunga.
10. Kete Doy (Doyen)
He pēke tū-ake he hiri kei ngā taha e rua me te taha o raro. I te tau 1962, i hangaia e Louis Doyen, ā, i whakamanatia hoki te pēke ngohengohe tuatahi me te raro pupuhi e kiia nei ko te Doy pack. Ahakoa ehara tēnei tākai hou i te angitu tere i tumanakohia, kei te puāwai haere i ēnei rā mai i te urunga mai o te mana pateni ki te ao tūmatanui. Tērā anō hoki te tuhi - Doypak, Doypac, Doy pak, Doy pac.
11. Waipiro Ethylene Vinyl (EVOH):He kirihou ārai-teitei e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā kiriata paparanga maha hei whakarato i te tiakitanga ārai hau tino pai.
12. Tākai Ngāwari:He takai i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi ka taea te piko, te miro, te whakapiko rānei, tae atu ki ngā pēke, ngā putea me ngā kiriata.
13. Tānga Gravure
(Rotogravure). Mā te tā gravure ka whakairohia he ahua ki te mata o te pereti whakarewa, ka whakakīia te wāhi whakairo ki te mangumangu, kātahi ka hurihia te pereti ki runga i te rango e whakawhiti ana i te ahua ki te kiriata, ki tētahi atu rauemi rānei. Ko te gravure te whakarāpopototanga mai i te Rotogravure.
14. Gusset
Ko te takai i te taha, i te raro rānei o te pēke, kia whānui ai ina whakaurua ngā mea o roto
15.HDPE
He matotoru te matotoru, (0.95-0.965) polyethylene. He nui ake te pakari o tēnei wāhanga, he nui ake te ātete ki te pāmahana, ā, he pai ake ngā āhuatanga ārai kohu wai i te LDPE, ahakoa he nui ake te pōuri.
16. Te Kaha o te Hiri Wera
Ka inehia te kaha o te hiri wera i muri i te whakamataotanga o te hiri.
17. Te Tātaritanga Taiaho
Te whakamahinga o te hihi mārama whaiti kaha-nui hei tapahi i tētahi rauemi i roto i te rārangi tika, i ngā tauira āhua rānei. Ka whakamahia tēnei tukanga hei whakarato i tētahi āhuatanga whakatuwhera ngāwari ki ngā momo rauemi takai ngāwari.
18.LDPE
He iti te mātotoru, he polyethylene (0.92-0.934). E whakamahia ana mō te kaha ki te hiri wera me te matotoru i roto i te takai.
19. Kiriata Whakakirikiri:He rauemi hiato i hangaia mai i ngā paparanga kiriata rerekē e rua, neke atu rānei, e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga ārai me te pakari pai ake.
20.MDPE
Kiato waenga, polyethylene (0.934-0.95). He pakari ake, he teitei ake te ira rewa, ā, he pai ake ngā āhuatanga ārai kohu wai.
21.MET-OPP
Kiriata OPP whakarewa. Kei roto ngā āhuatanga pai katoa o te kiriata OPP, me ngā āhuatanga ārai hāora me te kohu wai kua tino pai ake, (engari kāore i te rite te pai ki te MET-PET).
22. Kiriata Maha-Papa:He kiriata e titoa ana i ētahi paparanga o ngā rauemi rerekē, ia paparanga e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga motuhake pēnei i te kaha, te ārai, me te āheinga ki te hiri.
23.Mylar:He ingoa waitohu mō tētahi momo kiriata polyester e mōhiotia ana mō tōna kaha, tōna manawanui, me ōna āhuatanga ārai.
24.NY – Nairona
He kapia polyamide, he tino teitei ngā ira rewa, he tino mārama, he tino pakari hoki. E rua ngā momo e whakamahia ana mō ngā kiriata - ko te nairona-6 me te nairona-66. He nui ake te pāmahana rewa o te mea whakamutunga, nō reira he pai ake te ātete ki te pāmahana, engari he māmā ake te tukatuka i te mea tuatahi, ā, he iti ake te utu. He pai ngā āhuatanga ārai hāora me te kakara o ngā mea e rua, engari he ngoikore ngā ārai ki te kohu wai.
25.OPP - Kiriata PP (polypropylene) e anga ana
He kiriata pakari, mārama rawa, engari kāore e taea te hiri i te wera. I te nuinga o te wā ka honoa ki ētahi atu kiriata (pērā i te LDPE) kia taea ai te hiri i te wera. Ka taea te pani ki te PVDC (polyvinylidene chloride), ka taea rānei te whakakoi hei whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga ārai.
26.OTR - Te Tere Tuku Hāora
He rerekē te OTR o ngā rauemi kirihou i runga i te haumākū; nō reira me tohu. Ko ngā tikanga paerewa mō te whakamātautau ko te haumākū whanaunga 0, 60, 100 rānei. Ko ngā waeine ko te cc./100 inihi tapawhā/24 hāora, (cc/mita tapawhā/24 Hāora rānei) (cc = henimita pūtoru)
27.PET - Polyester, (Polyethylene Terephthalate)
He pūmua pakari, ātete pāmahana. Ka whakamahia te kiriata PET e rua-tuaka ana te anga ki roto i ngā papa whakanikoniko mō te takai, ka whakarato i te kaha, te pakari me te ātete pāmahana. I te nuinga o te wā ka honoa ki ētahi atu kiriata hei hiri i te wera me te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga ārai.
28.PP – Poroporoperena
He nui ake te ira rewa, nō reira he pai ake te ātete ki te pāmahana i te PE. E rua ngā momo kiriata PP e whakamahia ana mō te takai: ko te kiriata whakarewa (tirohia te CAPP) me te kiriata whakahāngai (tirohia te OPP).
29.Pēke:He momo takai ngāwari i hangaia hei pupuri i ngā hua, he hiri te taupoki me te pūaha hei ngāwari te uru atu.
30.PVDC - Polyvinylidene Chloride
He arai pai rawa atu mō te hāora me te kohu wai, engari kāore e taea te tango atu, nō reira ka kitea tuatahitia hei paninga hei whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga arai o ētahi atu kiriata kirihou (pēnei i te OPP me te PET) mō ngā takai. He rite tonu te paninga PVDC me te paninga 'saran'.
31. Mana Kounga:Ko ngā tukanga me ngā mehua kua whakatinanahia hei whakarite kia tutuki i ngā takai ngā paerewa kua tohua mō te mahi me te haumaru.
32. Pēke Hiri Tapawhā:Ko te putea hiri whā he momo takai ngāwari e whā ngā hiri—e rua poutū, e rua whakapae—e hanga ana i ngā hiri kokonga i ia taha. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka āwhina te putea ki te tū tika, kia tino pai ai mō ngā hua takai e whai hua ana te āhua me te pumau, pērā i ngā kai mātao, te kawhe, te kai mō ngā mōkai, me ētahi atu.
33. Whakautu
Ko te tukatuka wera, te tunu rānei i ngā kai kua tākaihia, i ētahi atu hua rānei i roto i tētahi oko pēhanga hei whakahoromata i ngā mea o roto kia mau tonu ai te hou mō te wā roa. Ka hangaia ngā putea retort ki ngā rauemi e tika ana mō ngā pāmahana teitei ake o te tukanga retort, i te nuinga o te wā tata ki te 121° C.
34. Resin:He matū totoka, he matū matotoru rawa rānei i ahu mai i ngā tipu, i ngā rauemi hangai rānei, e whakamahia ana hei hanga kirihou.
35. Rōra Taonga
Mō tētahi rauemi tākai ngāwari kei roto i te āhua rōra.
36.Rotogravure Printing - (Gravure)
Mā te tānga gravure ka whakairohia he ahua ki te mata o te pereti whakarewa, ka whakakīia te wāhi whakairo ki te mangumangu, kātahi ka hurihia te pereti ki runga i te rango e whakawhiti ana i te ahua ki te kiriata, ki tētahi atu rauemi rānei. Ko te gravure he whakarāpopototanga mai i te Rotogravure.
37. Pēke Rākau
He pēke tākai whaiti, ngāwari hoki e whakamahia ana mō te tākai i ngā ranunga inu paura kotahi te mahi pērā i ngā inu hua, te kawhe me te tī inamata, me ngā hua huka me te kirīmi.
38. Paparanga Hiri:He paparanga kei roto i tētahi kiriata maha-paparanga e āhei ai te hanga hiri i te wā e mahi ana i te takai.
39. Kiriata Whakaiti:He kiriata kirihou e mimiti pūmau ana ki runga i tētahi hua ina pāngia e te wera, e whakamahia ana hei kōwhiringa takai tuarua.
40. Kaha Kukū:Ko te ātete o tētahi rauemi ki te pakaru i te taumahatanga, he āhuatanga nui mō te pakari o ngā putea ngāwari.
41.VMPET - Kiriata PET Whakarewa Korehau
Kei a ia ngā āhuatanga pai katoa o te kiriata PET, me ngā āhuatanga arai hāora me te mamaoa wai kua tino pai ake.
42. Tākai Korehau:He tikanga tākai e tango ana i te hau i roto i te pēke hei whakaroa i te hou me te roa o te wā e noho ana.
43.WVTR - Te Tere Tukunga o te Kohu Wai
i te nuinga o te wā ka inehia i te 100% haumākū whanaunga, e whakaaturia ana i roto i te karamu/100 inihi tapawha/24 hāora, (karamu rānei/mita tapawha/24 Hāora). Tirohia te MVTR.
44. Pēke Reti
He pēke ka taea te kati anō, he pēke hiri anō rānei, he ara kirihou kei roto e hono ana ngā wāhanga kirihou e rua hei whakarato i tētahi tikanga e taea ai te kati anō i roto i tētahi takai ngāwari.
Wā tuku: Hurae-26-2024
