Amafilimu ahlukahlukene avame ukusetshenziswa empilweni yansuku zonke. Yiziphi izinto ezenziwe ngazo la mafilimu? Yiziphi izici zokusebenza zalo ngalinye? Okulandelayo isingeniso esiningiliziwe samafilimu epulasitiki avame ukusetshenziswa empilweni yansuku zonke:
Ifilimu yepulasitiki iyifilimu eyenziwe nge-polyvinyl chloride, i-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, i-polystyrene namanye ama-resin, avame ukusetshenziswa ekupakisheni, ekwakheni, nanjengesendlalelo sokumboza, njll.
Ifilimu yepulasitiki ingahlukaniswa ibe
–Ifilimu yezimboni: ifilimu evuvukile, ifilimu ehleliwe, ifilimu enwetshiwe, ifilimu yabalingisi, njll.;
– Ifilimu yeshede lezolimo, ifilimu ye-mulch, njll.;
–Amafilimu okupakisha (kufaka phakathi amafilimu ahlanganisiwe okupakisha imithi, amafilimu ahlanganisiwe okupakisha ukudla, njll.).
Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwefilimu yepulasitiki:
Izici zokusebenza zamafilimu epulasitiki ayinhloko:
Ifilimu ye-Polypropylene Eqondiswe Ngaphakathi (BOPP)
I-Polypropylene iyi-resin ye-thermoplastic ekhiqizwa yi-polymerization ye-propylene. Izinto ze-Copolymer PP zinezinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuphambuka kokushisa (100°C), ukucaca okuphansi, ukukhanya okuphansi, kanye nokuqina okuphansi, kodwa zinamandla amakhulu okuthinteka, futhi amandla okuthinteka kwe-PP ayanda ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-ethylene. Izinga lokushisa lokuthambisa le-PP le-Vicat lingu-150°C. Ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokukristali, le nto inokuqina okuhle kakhulu kobuso kanye nezakhiwo zokumelana nokuklwebheka. I-PP ayinazo izinkinga zokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwemvelo.
Ifilimu ye-polypropylene eqondiswe ku-Biaxial (BOPP) iyinto yokufaka eguquguqukayo ecacile eyasungulwa ngawo-1960. Isebenzisa umugqa wokukhiqiza okhethekile ukuxuba izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-polypropylene kanye nezithasiselo ezisebenzayo, incibilikise bese ixova ibe amashidi, bese iwanweba abe amafilimu. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekupakisheni ukudla, amaswidi, ugwayi, itiye, ujusi, ubisi, izindwangu, njll., futhi inedumela elithi “Packaging Queen”. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa nasekulungiseleleni imikhiqizo esebenzayo enenani eliphezulu njenge-membrane kagesi kanye ne-membrane encane, ngakho-ke amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwamafilimu e-BOPP abanzi kakhulu.
Ifilimu ye-BOPP ayinazo nje izinzuzo zokuminyana okuphansi, ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala kanye nokumelana okuhle nokushisa kwe-resin ye-PP, kodwa futhi inezakhiwo ezinhle zokukhanya, amandla aphezulu okusebenza kanye nemithombo ecebile yezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ifilimu ye-BOPP ingahlanganiswa nezinye izinto ezinezakhiwo ezikhethekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe noma kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zifaka ifilimu ye-PE, ifilimu ye-polypropylene ethelayo (CPP), ifilimu ye-polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), ifilimu ye-aluminium, njll.
Ifilimu ye-Polyethylene Ephansi (LDPE)
Ifilimu ye-polyethylene, okuyi-PE, inezici zokumelana nomswakama kanye nokuvuleka komswakama okuphansi.
I-polyethylene ephansi (i-LPDE) iyi-resin yokwenziwa etholakala yi-ethylene radical polymerization ngaphansi komfutho ophezulu, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi “i-polyethylene ephansi yomfutho”. I-LPDE iyi-molecule enamagatsha anamagatsha anobude obuhlukene ku-chain eyinhloko, enamagatsha angaba ngu-15 kuya ku-30 e-ethyl, i-butyl noma amade ngama-athomu e-carbon ayi-1000 ku-chain eyinhloko. Ngenxa yokuthi i-molecule chain iqukethe ama-chain amade namafushane anamagatsha amaningi, umkhiqizo unobunzima obuphansi, ubumnene, ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana okuhle komthelela, ukuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali, kanye nokumelana ne-asidi ngokuvamile (ngaphandle kwama-asidi aqinile oxidizing), i-Alkali, ukugqwala kosawoti, inezakhiwo ezinhle zokuvimbela ugesi. Ikhanya futhi iyacwebezela, inokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ukuvaleka kokushisa, ukumelana namanzi kanye nomswakama, ukumelana nokubanda, futhi ingabiliswa. Inkinga yayo eyinhloko isithiyo sayo esibi ku-oxygen.
Ivame ukusetshenziswa njengefilimu yongqimba lwangaphakathi lwezinto zokupakisha eziguquguqukayo ezihlanganisiwe, futhi futhi iyifilimu yokupakisha yepulasitiki esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanje, ebiza ngaphezu kwama-40% okusetshenziswa kwamafilimu okupakisha epulasitiki. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamafilimu okupakisha e-polyethylene, futhi ukusebenza kwawo kuhlukile. Ukusebenza kwefilimu yongqimba olulodwa kuyinto eyodwa, futhi ukusebenza kwefilimu ehlanganisiwe kuyahambisana. Yinto eyinhloko yokupakisha ukudla. Okwesibili, ifilimu ye-polyethylene isetshenziswa futhi emkhakheni wobunjiniyela bezokwakha, njenge-geomembrane. Isebenza njengento engangeni manzi kubunjiniyela bezokwakha futhi inomoya ophansi kakhulu. Ifilimu yezolimo isetshenziswa kwezolimo, engahlukaniswa ibe yifilimu yeshedi, ifilimu ye-mulch, ifilimu yesembozo esibabayo, ifilimu yokugcina eluhlaza njalo njalo.
Ifilimu ye-polyester (i-PET)
Ifilimu ye-polyester (PET), eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-polyethylene terephthalate, iyipulasitiki yobunjiniyela be-thermoplastic. Iwuhlobo lwefilimu olwenziwe ngamashidi aqinile ngokukhipha bese lunwetshwa ngokulinganayo. Ifilimu ye-polyester ibonakaliswa yizakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, ukuqina okuphezulu, ubulukhuni nokuqina, ukumelana nokubhoboza, ukumelana nokungqubuzana, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukumelana namafutha, ukuqina komoya kanye nokugcinwa kwephunga. Enye yezingxenye zefilimu ezihlanganisiwe ezihlala njalo, kodwa ukumelana ne-corona akukuhle.
Intengo yefilimu ye-polyester iphakeme kakhulu, futhi ubukhulu bayo ngokuvamile bungu-0.12 mm. Ivame ukusetshenziswa njengento yangaphandle yokupakisha ukudla, futhi inokuphrintwa okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ifilimu ye-polyester ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokuphrinta nokupakisha izinto ezisetshenziswayo njengefilimu yokuvikela imvelo, ifilimu ye-PET, kanye nefilimu emhlophe efana nobisi, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana nepulasitiki eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi, izinto zokwakha, ukuphrinta, kanye nemithi kanye nempilo.
Ifilimu yepulasitiki ye-nylon (ONY)
Igama lamakhemikhali le-nylon yi-polyamide (PA). Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-nylon ezikhiqizwa ezimbonini, futhi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amafilimu yi-nylon 6, i-nylon 12, i-nylon 66, njll. Ifilimu ye-nylon iyifilimu eqinile kakhulu enokucaca okuhle, ukukhanya okuhle, amandla aphezulu okudonswa kanye namandla okudonswa, kanye nokumelana okuhle nokushisa, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana namafutha kanye nokumelana ne-organic solvent. Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqokwa kanye nokumelana nokubhoboza, izakhiwo ezithambile, ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela umoya-mpilo, kodwa izakhiwo ezimbi zokuvimbela umhwamuko wamanzi, ukumuncwa komswakama okuphezulu kanye nokungenela komswakama, ukungashisi kahle kokushisa, okufanele ukupakisha izinto eziqinile, njengokudla okunamafutha ocansini, imikhiqizo yenyama, ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okugcwele i-vacuum, ukudla okuphekiwe ngomusi, njll.
Ifilimu ye-Cast Polypropylene (CPP)
Ngokungafani nenqubo yefilimu ye-polypropylene eqondiswe kabili (BOPP), ifilimu ye-cast polypropylene (CPP) iyifilimu ye-flat extrusion enganwetshiwe, engaqondisiwe ekhiqizwa ngokuncibilikisa nokucisha. Ibonakala ngesivinini sokukhiqiza esisheshayo, umkhiqizo ophezulu, ukucaca okuhle kwefilimu, ukukhanya, ukufana kobukhulu, kanye nokulinganisela okuhle kwezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi iyifilimu e-flat extruded, umsebenzi wokulandelela ofana nokuphrinta nokuhlanganisa ulula kakhulu. I-CPP isetshenziswa kabanzi ekupakisheni izindwangu, izimbali, ukudla, kanye nezidingo zansuku zonke.
Ifilimu yepulasitiki embozwe nge-aluminium
Ifilimu e-aluminium inezici zefilimu yepulasitiki kanye nezici zensimbi. Indima yokufakwa kwe-aluminium ebusweni befilimu ukuvikela ukukhanya nokuvimbela imisebe ye-ultraviolet, okungagcini nje ngokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kokuqukethwe, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukukhanya kwefilimu. Ngakho-ke, ifilimu e-aluminium isetshenziswa kabanzi ekupakisheni okuhlanganisiwe, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu ekupakisheni kokudla okomile nokukhukhumele njengamabhisikidi, kanye nasekupakisheni kwangaphandle kwemithi ethile kanye nezimonyo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-19-2023
