Sau da yawa ana amfani da fina-finai daban-daban a rayuwar yau da kullum. Da waɗanne kayan aiki ne aka yi waɗannan fina-finan? Menene halayen aikin kowannensu? Ga cikakken bayani game da fina-finan filastik da aka saba amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullun:
Fim ɗin filastik fim ne da aka yi da polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene da sauran resins, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su a cikin marufi, gini, da kuma a matsayin Layer na rufi, da sauransu.
Ana iya raba fim ɗin filastik zuwa kashi uku:
–Fim ɗin masana'antu: fim ɗin da aka busa, fim ɗin da aka tsara, fim ɗin da aka shimfiɗa, fim ɗin da aka yi wa ado, da sauransu;
– Fim ɗin rumfar noma, fim ɗin ciyawa, da sauransu;
–Fina-finai don marufi (gami da fina-finan haɗaka don marufi na magunguna, fina-finan haɗaka don marufi na abinci, da sauransu).
Amfani da rashin amfani da fim ɗin filastik:
Halayen aiki na manyan fina-finan filastik:
Fim ɗin Polypropylene Mai Juya Hankali Biaxially (BOPP)
Polypropylene wani resin thermoplastic ne da aka samar ta hanyar polymerization na propylene. Kayan Copolymer PP suna da ƙarancin zafin zafi (100°C), ƙarancin haske, ƙarancin sheƙi, da ƙarancin tauri, amma suna da ƙarfin tasiri mai ƙarfi, kuma ƙarfin tasirin PP yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na ethylene. Zafin Vicat mai laushi na PP shine 150°C. Saboda yawan lu'ulu'u, wannan kayan yana da kyawawan tauri a saman da kuma juriya ga karce. PP ba shi da matsalolin fashewa na muhalli.
Fim ɗin polypropylene mai siffar biaxially (BOPP) wani kayan marufi ne mai sassauƙa mai haske wanda aka ƙirƙira a shekarun 1960. Yana amfani da layin samarwa na musamman don haɗa kayan polypropylene da ƙarin kayan aiki, narke su da kuma murɗa su zuwa zanen gado, sannan a shimfiɗa su zuwa fina-finai. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin marufi na abinci, alewa, sigari, shayi, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, madara, yadi, da sauransu, kuma yana da suna na "Packingaging Queen". Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da shi wajen shirya samfuran aiki masu mahimmanci kamar membranes na lantarki da membranes masu ƙananan ramuka, don haka damar ci gaban fina-finan BOPP tana da faɗi sosai.
Fim ɗin BOPP ba wai kawai yana da fa'idodin ƙarancin yawa ba, juriyar tsatsa mai kyau da kuma juriyar zafi na resin PP, har ma yana da kyawawan kaddarorin gani, ƙarfin injina mai yawa da kuma wadataccen tushen kayan masarufi. Ana iya haɗa fim ɗin BOPP da wasu kayayyaki masu halaye na musamman don ƙara inganta ko inganta aiki. Kayan da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da fim ɗin PE, fim ɗin polypropylene (CPP) mai saline, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), fim ɗin aluminum, da sauransu.
Fim ɗin Polyethylene Mai Ƙarancin Yawa (LDPE)
Fim ɗin polyethylene, wato PE, yana da halaye na juriya ga danshi da ƙarancin damar shiga danshi.
Polyethylene mai ƙarancin yawa (LPDE) wani resin roba ne da aka samu ta hanyar polymerization na ethylene radical a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba mai yawa, don haka ana kiransa da "polyethylene mai matsin lamba mai yawa". LPDE wani reshe ne mai rassan rassansa masu tsayi daban-daban a babban sarkar, tare da kusan ethyl, butyl ko rassan da suka fi tsayi 15 zuwa 30 a kowace ƙwayar carbon 1000 a cikin babban sarkar. Saboda sarkar kwayoyin halitta tana ɗauke da ƙarin sarƙoƙi masu tsayi da gajeru, samfurin yana da ƙarancin yawa, laushi, juriya ga yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, juriya ga tasiri mai kyau, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na sinadarai, da kuma juriya ga acid gabaɗaya (banda acid mai ƙarfi na oxidizing), Alkali, tsatsa mai gishiri, yana da kyawawan kaddarorin kariya na lantarki. Mai haske da sheƙi, yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, iya rufe zafi, juriya ga ruwa da danshi, juriya ga daskarewa, kuma ana iya tafasa shi. Babban rashin amfanin sa shine ƙarancin shinge ga iskar oxygen.
Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi azaman fim ɗin ciki na kayan marufi masu sassauƙa, kuma shine fim ɗin marufi da aka fi amfani da shi kuma aka fi amfani da shi a yanzu, wanda ya kai sama da kashi 40% na amfani da fina-finan marufi na filastik. Akwai nau'ikan fina-finan marufi na polyethylene da yawa, kuma ayyukansu ma sun bambanta. Aikin fim mai layi ɗaya ɗaya ne, kuma aikin fim ɗin marufi yana da ƙarin amfani. Shi ne babban kayan marufi na abinci. Na biyu, ana amfani da fim ɗin polyethylene a fannin injiniyan farar hula, kamar geomembrane. Yana aiki azaman mai hana ruwa shiga injiniyan farar hula kuma yana da ƙarancin iskar shiga. Ana amfani da fim ɗin noma a fannin noma, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa fim ɗin shed, fim ɗin mulch, fim ɗin murfin ɗaci, fim ɗin ajiya kore da sauransu.
Fim ɗin Polyester (PET)
Fim ɗin Polyester (PET), wanda aka fi sani da polyethylene terephthalate, filastik ne na injiniyan thermoplastic. Fim ne da aka yi da kauri zanen gado ta hanyar fitarwa sannan a miƙe shi ta hanyar biaxial. Fim ɗin Polyester yana da kyawawan halaye na injiniya, ƙarfi mai yawa, tauri da tauri, juriyar hudawa, juriyar gogayya, juriyar zafi mai yawa da ƙarancin zafin jiki, juriyar sinadarai, juriyar mai, matsewar iska da riƙe ƙamshi. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka haɗa fim ɗin na dindindin, amma juriyar corona ba ta da kyau.
Farashin fim ɗin polyester yana da tsada sosai, kuma kaurinsa gabaɗaya shine 0.12 mm. Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi azaman kayan waje na marufi don marufi, kuma yana da sauƙin bugawa. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da fim ɗin polyester azaman kayan bugawa da marufi kamar fim ɗin kare muhalli, fim ɗin PET, da fim ɗin farin madara, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antu kamar filastik mai ƙarfi na gilashi, kayan gini, bugawa, da magunguna da lafiya.
Fim ɗin filastik na nailan (ONY)
Sunan sinadarai na nailan shine polyamide (PA). A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan nailan da yawa da ake samarwa a masana'antu, kuma manyan nau'ikan da ake amfani da su wajen samar da fina-finai sune nailan 6, nailan 12, nailan 66, da sauransu. Fim ɗin nailan fim ne mai tauri sosai tare da kyakkyawan bayyanawa, kyakkyawan sheƙi, ƙarfin tauri mai yawa da ƙarfin tauri, da kuma kyakkyawan juriyar zafi, juriyar sanyi, juriyar mai da juriyar sinadarai na halitta. Kyakkyawan juriyar lalacewa da juriyar hudawa, mai laushi, kyakkyawan kariya daga iskar oxygen, amma rashin kyawun kariya ga tururin ruwa, yawan sha danshi da kuma wucewar danshi, rashin kyawun salati ga zafi, ya dace da marufi da abubuwa masu tauri, kamar su mai, abincin jima'i, kayan nama, abincin soyayye, abinci mai cike da injin, abinci mai tururi, da sauransu.
Fim ɗin Polypropylene na Siminti (CPP)
Ba kamar tsarin fim ɗin polypropylene mai kusurwa biyu ba (BOPP), fim ɗin polypropylene mai kusurwa uku (CPP) fim ne mai kusurwa huɗu wanda ba a shimfiɗa shi ba, wanda ba a daidaita shi ba, wanda aka samar ta hanyar narkewa da kashewa. Yana da saurin samarwa, yawan fitarwa, kyakkyawan bayyananniyar fim, sheƙi, daidaiton kauri, da kuma daidaito mai kyau na kadarori daban-daban. Saboda fim ne mai faɗi, aikin bibiya kamar bugawa da haɗa abubuwa yana da matuƙar dacewa. Ana amfani da CPP sosai a cikin marufi na yadi, furanni, abinci, da abubuwan yau da kullun.
Fim ɗin filastik mai rufi da aluminum
Fim ɗin aluminum yana da halayen fim ɗin filastik da kuma halayen ƙarfe. Matsayin da aluminum plating ke da shi a saman fim ɗin shine kare haske da hana hasken ultraviolet, wanda ba wai kawai yana tsawaita rayuwar abubuwan da ke ciki ba, har ma yana inganta hasken fim ɗin. Saboda haka, ana amfani da fim ɗin aluminum sosai a cikin marufi mai haɗawa, galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin marufi busassun abinci da kuma busassun kayan abinci kamar biskit, da kuma marufi na waje na wasu magunguna da kayan kwalliya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-19-2023
