Te Mārama ki te Whakatutukitanga o ngā Tikanga Whakapā Kai mō ngā Pēke Papa Papatahi

I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā takai mō ngā hua kai, he maha ngā waitohu e aro ana ki te āhua, te pakari, te roa o te wā e penapena ai, me te utu. Heoi, mō ngā waitohu kai me ngā kaihokohoko o te ao, ko tētahi o ngā mea nui ko te ū o te takai ki ngā ture pā kai i te mākete ūnga.

He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te putea papatahi mō te kawhe, ngā kai mātotoru, ngā kai mō ngā mōkai, ngā kai maroke, ngā nati, ngā mea reka, me ētahi atu mahi kai nā te mea he pai te pumau o te whata, he nui te wāhi tā, ā, he āhua papai. Heoi, kei muri i te hoahoa ātaahua he hanganga paparanga maha matatini me tutuki i ngā whakaritenga haumaru tino pakari.

Kāore te putea papatahi kounga kai e tautuhia ana e te rauemi i whakamahia mō te paparanga o roto anake. Me arotake te hanganga katoa o te takai, tae atu ki te kiriata tā, te paparanga ārai, te piripiri, te waituhi, me te paparanga hiri-wera, kia pai ai te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga katoa mō te pa atu ki te kai, tika, tika rānei.

Mō te hokohoko hua a PACKMIC puta noa i te ao, he mea nui te mārama ki ngā ture mō te takai kai a te FDA me te EU. Kāore pea te putea e tutuki ana i ngā ture o tētahi mākete e tutuki aunoa ana i ngā whakaritenga o tētahi atu mākete.

Mō ngā kiritaki o Ūropi, ko te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga (DoC) he tuhinga matua e hiahiatia ana mō te whakaaetanga me te manatoko i ngā hua takai kai. E whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio mārama mō te tutuki o te takai ki ngā ture whakapā kai a te EU, me te tika hoki mō te tono e hiahiatia ana.

Ko te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga a te EU katoa kei roto ngā taipitopito pēnei i ngā ture e whaihia ana e te takai, ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanganga takai, ngā momo hua kai e hangaia ai, me ngā tikanga whakamahinga e tumanakohia ana, tae atu ki te pāmahana me te roa o te pa atu. Me tohu hoki i ngā hua whakamātautau hekenga e tika ana, me te tautuhi i ngā matū kua herea, ngā whakaritenga motuhake rānei e tika ana kia arohia.

He mea nui kia mārama he rerekē ngā mahi a te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga me te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga. Ka whakaratohia e te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga ngā hua whakamātautau i runga i ngā tauira motuhake, ko te DoC ia he tauākī hanganga ture whaimana i tukuna i runga i te aromatawai whānui o ngā rauemi tākai, te tukanga hanga, me ngā whakaritenga ture. Nō reira, kāore e taea e te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga anake te whakakapi i te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga katoa.

Mō ngā kiritaki o Ūropi, ko te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga (DoC) he tuhinga matua e hiahiatia ana mō te whakaaetanga me te manatoko i ngā hua takai kai. E whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio mārama mō te tutuki o te takai ki ngā ture whakapā kai a te EU, me te tika hoki mō te tono e hiahiatia ana.

Ko te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga a te EU katoa kei roto ngā taipitopito pēnei i ngā ture e whaihia ana e te takai, ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanganga takai, ngā momo hua kai e hangaia ai, me ngā tikanga whakamahinga e tumanakohia ana, tae atu ki te pāmahana me te roa o te pa atu. Me tohu hoki i ngā hua whakamātautau hekenga e tika ana, me te tautuhi i ngā matū kua herea, ngā whakaritenga motuhake rānei e tika ana kia arohia.

He mea nui kia mārama he rerekē ngā mahi a te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga me te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga. Ka whakaratohia e te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga ngā hua whakamātautau i runga i ngā tauira motuhake, ko te DoC ia he tauākī hanganga ture whaimana i tukuna i runga i te aromatawai whānui o ngā rauemi tākai, te tukanga hanga, me ngā whakaritenga ture. Nō reira, kāore e taea e te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga anake te whakakapi i te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga katoa.

Hei tauira, ko ngā ture mō te takai kai i te Hononga o Amerika kei raro i te mana whakahaere o te US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i raro i te Taitara 21 o te Ture Whakahaere ā-Motu (21 CFR). I Ūropi, ko ngā rauemi e pā ana ki te kai kei raro i te mana whakahaere matua mā te Ture (EC) Nama 1935/2004 me te Ture (EU) Nama 10/2011.

Hei kaihanga tākai ngāwari ngaio, ka mahi tahi a PACKMIC me ngā waitohu kai o te ao ki te whakarato i ngā pēke papatahi ritenga e tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga pa atu ki ngā kai o te ao, me te tautokona e ngā tuhinga ture, ngā tiwhikete kounga, me te whai i te hanga.

He aha te mea e hanga ana i tētahi pēke papa papatahi hei mea kai?

E whakamahia ana te kupu "kai kounga" i roto i te umanga takai, engari he maha ngā kaihoko kāore e mōhio ana ki tōna tikanga mai i te tirohanga hangarau.

Kāore ngā rauemi tākai kai i te tino kore mahi. I te wā e rongoa ana, inā koa i raro i ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te wera, te haumākū, te roa rānei o te wā e ora ai, ka taea e ngā matū iti mai i ngā rauemi tākai te uru ki te kai.

E mōhiotia ana tēnei tukanga ko te hekenga.

Ka whakatūria e ngā whakahaere ture huri noa i te ao he here hei whakahaere i te hekenga mai o ngā kai, me te whakarite kia kore ai ngā takai e pā kino ki te haumaru o te kai, te kounga o te hua, te reka, te hauora rānei o te kaihoko.

Mō te takai ngāwari, ka taea te heke mai i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te hanganga, tae atu ki:

Ko te kiriata tānga o waho, e whakarato ana i te waitohu me te tiaki ā-ringa.

Ko te paparanga ārai, pērā i te pepa konumohe, te PET whakarewa rānei, e tiaki ana i ngā hua mai i te hāora, te makuku, me te mārama.

Ko te paparanga piri, e hono ana i ngā rauemi rerekē i te wā e pania ana.

Ko te paparanga hiri o roto, ko te PE, ko te CPP rānei te tikanga, e pā tika ana ki te hua kua tākaihia.

Kua hoahoatia ia hanganga kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga o te hua. Hei tauira, me kaha te hāora me te tiaki kakara o te kawhe, engari ko ngā kai reka ka aro nui ki te ātete ki te makuku me te kaha ā-ringa.

Heoi, kāore te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga e whakatauhia ana e ngā rauemi takitahi anake.

Ko tētahi whakaaro hē noa, mēnā he rite ngā kiriata katoa e whakamahia ana i roto i te pēke ki ngā whakaritenga kai, ka rite tonu te pēke whakamutunga ki ngā whakaritenga kai. Inaa, me arotake anō hoki te hanganga kua oti te whakakikorua nā te mea ka pāngia te mahi a ngā piripiri, ngā waituhi, me ngā āhuatanga tukatuka e ngā āhuatanga o te takai whakamutunga.

Nō reira, me whakahaere e ngā kaihanga tākai ngaio te tukanga katoa mai i te kōwhiringa rauemi mata ki te tā, te whakanikoniko, te whakamaroke, te hanga putea, me te tirotiro whakamutunga.

Ngā Whakaritenga FDA mō ngā Pēke Kai

Mō ngā hua e hokona ana i te Hononga o Amerika, ko ngā rauemi tākai kai e pā ana ki ngā kai kei raro i te mana whakahaere a te US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Kei roto i te Taitara 21 CFR ngā ture matua mō te takai ngāwari, inā koa ngā Wāhanga 174 ki te 177.

E tautuhia ana e ēnei ture ko ēhea matū ka taea te whakamahi i ngā mahi e pā ana ki te kai, me ēhea hoki ngā āhuatanga e tika ana.

Kei roto i te FDA 21 CFR Wāhanga 174 ngā whakaritenga whānui mō ngā tāpiringa kai ā-kore.

E kapi ana te FDA 21 CFR Wāhanga 175 i ngā piripiri me ngā paninga ka whakamahia pea ki roto i ngā takai kai.

E kapi ana te FDA 21 CFR Wāhanga 177 i ngā pūmua me ngā kirihou e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā tono tākai.

He maha ngā rauemi takai ngāwari e whakamahia ana mō ngā pēke papa papatahi kei raro i ngā ture polymer i te Wāhanga 177.

Hei tauira, ko te polyethylene, e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei paparanga hiri wera mō ngā kai, e whakahuatia whānuitia ana i raro i te FDA 21 CFR 177.1520.

Tērā pea he rerekē ngā tohutoro FDA o ngā rauemi rerekē i runga i te hanganga matū me te whakamahinga e whakaarohia ana.

Mō ngā waitohu e hoko ana i ngā takai mai i ngā kaiwhakarato o tāwāhi, he mea nui kia tonohia ngā tuhinga taipitopito mō te hanganga ture, kaua e whakaae noa ki ngā kōrero pēnei i te "kua whakaaetia e te FDA".

I roto i te umanga tākai, kāore te FDA e whakaae ana ki ngā putea kua oti i te huarahi kotahi e mārama ai ngā kaihoko. Engari, ka whakamanahia e ngā ture a te FDA ētahi rauemi me ngā matū motuhake mō ngā whakamahinga motuhake e pā ana ki te kai.

Me taea e te kaiwhakarato ngaio te whakarato:

Ngā tauākī tutuki i te FDA

Ngā tohutoro CFR 21 e tika ana

Ngā mōhiohio rauemi

Te whai i te whakaputanga

Te tautoko i ngā pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga ina hiahiatia

I PACKMIC, ka whakarite mātou i ngā tuhinga e pā ana ki te FDA e ai ki ngā whakaritenga o te mākete kiritaki me ngā tono hua, hei āwhina i ngā kiritaki o te ao ki te whakahaere i tā rātou tukanga whakaae mōkihi.

Ngā Ture Whakapā Kai a te EU mō ngā Pēke

Kei te Kotahitanga o Ūropi tētahi o ngā pūnaha ture mō ngā tākai kai tino whānui o te ao.

Mō ngā takai kirihou ngāwari, e rua ngā ture e tino hira ana:

Ture (EC) Nama 1935/2004

Mā tēnei ture ka whakaratohia te anga whānui mō ngā rauemi katoa e pā ana ki te kai.

Ko ngā rauemi tākai e hiahiatia ana:

Kaua e tuku i ngā matū ka tūpono ki te kino ki te hauora o te tangata.

Kaua e meinga he huringa kāore e whakaaetia ki te hanganga o te kai.

Kaua e pā kino ki te reka, te kakara, te āhua rānei o te kai.

Kāore tēnei ture e pā ana ki ngā takai kirihou anake, engari ki ētahi atu rauemi e pā ana ki ngā kai.

Ture (EU) Nama 10/2011 – Ture Rauemi Kirihou

Mō ngā takai kirihou, ko te Ture (EU) Nama 10/2011 te ture matua.

Ka whakatūria ngā whakaritenga mō:

Ngā matū kua whakamanahia e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā rauemi kirihou.

Ngā tukanga whakamātautau hekenga.

Ngā kaiwhakatairanga kai.

Ngā āhuatanga o te pāmahana me te wā.

Ngā herenga hekenga motuhake mō ētahi matū.

Ka whakatakotohia e te ture he rohenga hekenga whānui hei whakahaere i te nui katoa o ngā matū ka taea te whakawhiti mai i te takai ki te kai.

Ko te rohe e whakahuatia whānuitia ana ko:

10 mg ia tenetimita tapawhā o te mata e pā ana ki te kai.

I ētahi tataunga, e rite ana tēnei ki te 60 mg ia kirokaramu o te kai.

Haunga te hekenga whānui, kei ētahi matū ētahi here motuhake e mōhiotia ana ko ngā Herenga Hekenga Motuhake (SML).

Nō reira, ko te whakaritenga o te EU he nui atu i te whiriwhiri noa i tētahi kiriata kirihou haumaru mō te kai. Me arotake te hanganga katoa o te takai kia rite ki te tono e hiahiatia ana.

He aha te mea nui o te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga mō ngā Tākai Kai a te EU

Mō ngā kiritaki o Ūropi, ko te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga (DoC) he tuhinga matua e hiahiatia ana mō te whakaaetanga me te manatoko i ngā hua takai kai. E whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio mārama mō te tutuki o te takai ki ngā ture whakapā kai a te EU, me te tika hoki mō te tono e hiahiatia ana.

Ko te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga a te EU katoa kei roto ngā taipitopito pēnei i ngā ture e whaihia ana e te takai, ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanganga takai, ngā momo hua kai e hangaia ai, me ngā tikanga whakamahinga e tumanakohia ana, tae atu ki te pāmahana me te roa o te pa atu. Me tohu hoki i ngā hua whakamātautau hekenga e tika ana, me te tautuhi i ngā matū kua herea, ngā whakaritenga motuhake rānei e tika ana kia arohia.

He mea nui kia mārama he rerekē ngā mahi a te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga me te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga. Ka whakaratohia e te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga ngā hua whakamātautau i runga i ngā tauira motuhake, ko te DoC ia he tauākī hanganga ture whaimana i tukuna i runga i te aromatawai whānui o ngā rauemi tākai, te tukanga hanga, me ngā whakaritenga ture. Nō reira, kāore e taea e te pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga anake te whakakapi i te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga katoa.

Ka whakaratohia ngā hua o te taiwhanga e te pūrongo whakamātautau, ko te DoC ia te tauākī hanganga ture e hono ana i te hua takai ki ngā ture e pā ana.

I PACKMIC, ka whakaratohia e mātou ngā mōkihi tuhinga mō ngā takai kai e hangai ana ki ngā hiahia o te kiritaki, tae atu ki te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga a te EU, ngā tuhinga tutukitanga a te FDA, ngā pūrongo whakamātautau hekenga, me ngā rekoata whai i te whakaputanga.